Kamis, 13 Juni 2024

LESSON 8 EVERYONE’S WEARING PURPULE.

Teaching Materials: Continuous Sentences

1. Positive Sentences

Continuous sentences (also known as the present continuous tense) describe actions that are currently ongoing. The structure for positive sentences is:

Subject + am/is/are + verb(-ing) + object

Examples:

  • I am reading a book.
  • She is studying for her exams.
  • They are playing soccer.

2. Negative Sentences

To make a sentence negative in the continuous form, add "not" after the am/is/are.

Structure:

Subject + am/is/are + not + verb(-ing) + object

Examples:

  • I am not reading a book.
  • She is not studying for her exams.
  • They are not playing soccer.

3. Questions

To form questions in the continuous tense, invert the am/is/are with the subject.

Structure:

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb(-ing) + object?

Examples:

  • Am I reading a book?
  • Is she studying for her exams?
  • Are they playing soccer?

Table Summary

Sentence Type

Structure

Example

Positive

Subject + am/is/are + verb(-ing) + object

She is cooking dinner.

Negative

Subject + am/is/are + not + verb(-ing) + object

She is not cooking dinner.

Question

Am/Is/Are + subject + verb(-ing) + object?

Is she cooking dinner?

Practice Exercises

  1. Positive Sentences: Write a positive sentence using the following words:
    • (I / read / a newspaper)
    • (He / work / in the garden)
    • (They / watch / a movie)
  2. Negative Sentences: Write a negative sentence using the following words:
    • (I / not / play / chess)
    • (She / not / write / a letter)
    • (We / not / go / to the gym)
  3. Questions: Form a question using the following words:
    • (You / dance / at the party?)
    • (They / study / for the test?)
    • (He / play / the guitar?)

 


LESSON 7 WHAT COLOR IS HIS JACKET?

Teaching Materials: Object Pronouns

1. Object Pronouns

Object pronouns are used to replace the object of a sentence. The object pronouns are:

  • Me (for "I")
  • You (for "you")
  • Him (for "he")
  • Her (for "she")
  • It (for "it")
  • Us (for "we")
  • Them (for "they")

2. Positive Sentences

In positive sentences, object pronouns are used to replace the noun that is receiving the action.

Structure:

Subject + verb + object pronoun

Examples:

  • She sees me.
  • I know him.
  • They are helping us.

3. Negative Sentences

To make a sentence negative, add "not" after the verb. The object pronoun remains unchanged.

Structure:

Subject + verb + not + object pronoun

Examples:

  • She does not see me.
  • I do not know him.
  • They are not helping us.

4. Questions

To form questions, invert the subject and the verb, and then use the object pronoun.

Structure:

Verb + subject + object pronoun?

Examples:

  • Does she see me?
  • Do I know him?
  • Are they helping us?

Table Summary

Sentence TypeStructureExample
PositiveSubject + verb + object pronounI see him.
NegativeSubject + verb + not + object pronounI do not see him.
QuestionVerb + subject + object pronoun?Do I see him?

Practice Exercises

  1. Positive Sentences: Complete the sentences with the correct object pronoun.

    • She is calling ___ (me / her).
    • They invited ___ (us / them) to the party.
    • I can't find ___ (it / him).
  2. Negative Sentences: Rewrite the sentences in the negative form using the object pronoun.

    • He is helping me. → He is not helping ___.
    • They know her. → They do not know ___.
    • She has seen it. → She has not seen ___.
  3. Questions: Form questions using the given subject and object pronoun.

    • You / see / them? → Do you see ___?
    • We / help / her? → Are we helping ___?
    • They / know / me? → Do they know ___?


LESSON 2 CAN YOU SAIL?

Materi Ajar: Penggunaan "Yes / No Questions with 'Can'"

Tujuan Pembelajaran:

  1. Siswa memahami cara membuat dan menjawab pertanyaan "Yes/No" dengan menggunakan kata kerja modal "can."
  2. Siswa dapat membedakan penggunaan "can" dalam berbagai konteks.
  3. Siswa mampu membuat kalimat pertanyaan dan jawaban "Yes/No" menggunakan "can."

1. Pengertian dan Penggunaan "Can"

"Can" adalah kata kerja modal yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan kemampuan, izin, atau kemungkinan. Dalam pertanyaan "Yes/No," "can" digunakan di awal kalimat untuk menanyakan apakah seseorang mampu atau diperbolehkan melakukan sesuatu.

Contoh:

  • Ability (Kemampuan):
    • Can you swim? (Apakah kamu bisa berenang?)
  • Permission (Izin):
    • Can I leave early? (Bolehkah saya pulang lebih awal?)

2. Struktur "Yes/No Question with 'Can'"

Struktur Dasar:

  • Can + Subjek + Verb (kata kerja) + Object?

Contoh Kalimat:

  • Can you play the piano? (Apakah kamu bisa bermain piano?)
  • Can she speak English? (Apakah dia bisa berbicara bahasa Inggris?)
  • Can we go to the park? (Apakah kita bisa pergi ke taman?)

3. Menjawab "Yes/No Question with 'Can'"

Struktur Jawaban:

  • Yes, + Subjek + can.
  • No, + Subjek + can't (cannot).

Contoh Jawaban:

  • Question: Can you ride a bike? (Apakah kamu bisa mengendarai sepeda?)
    • Positive Answer: Yes, I can. (Ya, saya bisa.)
    • Negative Answer: No, I can't. (Tidak, saya tidak bisa.)
  • Question: Can he cook? (Apakah dia bisa memasak?)
    • Positive Answer: Yes, he can. (Ya, dia bisa.)
    • Negative Answer: No, he can't. (Tidak, dia tidak bisa.)

4. Tabel Penggunaan "Can" dalam Yes/No Questions

Pertanyaan (Question)Jawaban Positif (Positive Answer)Jawaban Negatif (Negative Answer)
Can you swim?Yes, I can.No, I can't.
Can she drive a car?Yes, she can.No, she can't.
Can they speak French?Yes, they can.No, they can't.
Can we start the meeting now?Yes, we can.No, we can't.
Can he come to the party?Yes, he can.No, he can't.

5. Latihan:

A. Lengkapi Pertanyaan dengan "Can":

  1. _______ you help me with this?
  2. _______ she play the guitar?
  3. _______ they come to the meeting?
  4. _______ we leave now?
  5. _______ he speak Japanese?

B. Jawablah Pertanyaan Berikut:

  1. Can you speak English?
  2. Can they play soccer?
  3. Can your friend drive a car?
  4. Can we eat here?
  5. Can she finish the project on time?

Contoh Jawaban:

  1. Yes, I can.
  2. No, they can't.
  3. Yes, my friend can.
  4. Yes, we can.
  5. No, she can't.

6. Diskusi Kelas:

  • Bagaimana perasaanmu ketika seseorang menanyakan kemampuanmu dengan "can"?
  • Dalam situasi apa saja kita menggunakan "can" untuk menanyakan izin atau kemampuan?

7. Kesimpulan dan Rangkuman:

  • "Can" digunakan untuk membuat pertanyaan "Yes/No" yang menanyakan tentang kemampuan atau izin.
  • Struktur pertanyaan dengan "can" selalu dimulai dengan "can," diikuti oleh subjek dan kata kerja utama.
  • Jawaban untuk pertanyaan "Yes/No" dengan "can" dapat berupa "Yes, [subjek] can" atau "No, [subjek] can't."

Tugas:

  • Buatlah 5 pertanyaan dan 5 jawaban "Yes/No" menggunakan "can," lalu diskusikan dengan teman sekelasmu.

Materi ini dirancang untuk membantu siswa memahami dan menggunakan "Yes/No questions with 'Can'" dalam komunikasi sehari-hari, terutama dalam menanyakan kemampuan dan meminta izin. Latihan yang disediakan akan memperkuat pemahaman siswa tentang struktur kalimat dan cara menjawabnya.

Materi Ajar: Irregular Noun Plurals

Tujuan Pembelajaran:

  1. Siswa memahami konsep bentuk jamak (plural) dari kata benda tidak beraturan (irregular nouns) dalam bahasa Inggris.
  2. Siswa mampu mengidentifikasi dan menggunakan irregular noun plurals dalam kalimat dengan tepat.
  3. Siswa dapat membedakan antara regular dan irregular noun plurals.

1. Pengertian Irregular Noun Plurals

Kata benda dalam bahasa Inggris biasanya menjadi bentuk jamak dengan menambahkan akhiran -s atau -es. Namun, ada kata benda tertentu yang tidak mengikuti aturan ini dan berubah menjadi bentuk jamak dengan cara yang tidak beraturan. Kata-kata ini disebut Irregular Noun Plurals.

Contoh:

  • Regular: cat → cats
  • Irregular: child → children

2. Pola Umum Irregular Noun Plurals

Ada beberapa pola umum dalam perubahan irregular noun plurals. Berikut adalah beberapa di antaranya:

A. Perubahan Huruf Vokal

  • Man → Men
  • Woman → Women
  • Tooth → Teeth
  • Foot → Feet
  • Goose → Geese

B. Akhiran "en" Ditambahkan

  • Child → Children
  • Ox → Oxen

C. Kata Benda Yang Tetap Sama

  • Sheep → Sheep
  • Deer → Deer
  • Fish → Fish (meskipun "fishes" juga bisa digunakan dalam konteks tertentu)

D. Perubahan Bentuk Lain

  • Mouse → Mice
  • Person → People
  • Cactus → Cacti (atau Cactuses, namun "Cacti" lebih umum digunakan)
  • Focus → Foci

E. Kata-Kata Asal Bahasa Latin atau Yunani

  • Crisis → Crises
  • Thesis → Theses
  • Phenomenon → Phenomena
  • Datum → Data

3. Latihan: Identifikasi dan Gunakan Irregular Noun Plurals

A. Latihan Identifikasi Identifikasi apakah kata benda di bawah ini adalah regular atau irregular. Jika irregular, tuliskan bentuk jamaknya.

  1. Child
  2. Box
  3. Tooth
  4. Bus
  5. Goose

Jawaban:

  1. Child → Children (Irregular)
  2. Box → Boxes (Regular)
  3. Tooth → Teeth (Irregular)
  4. Bus → Buses (Regular)
  5. Goose → Geese (Irregular)

B. Latihan Penggunaan Buat kalimat dengan kata benda irregular plurals berikut:

  1. Women
  2. Mice
  3. Feet
  4. People
  5. Sheep

Contoh Jawaban:

  1. The women are discussing the new project.
  2. The house is full of mice.
  3. He measured his height from head to feet.
  4. Many people attended the concert.
  5. The sheep are grazing in the field.

4. Kiat Menghafal Irregular Noun Plurals

  1. Kelompokkan berdasarkan Pola: Cobalah mengelompokkan kata-kata yang memiliki pola serupa, seperti "man → men" dan "woman → women."
  2. Buat Flashcards: Buat kartu dengan bentuk tunggal di satu sisi dan bentuk jamak di sisi lain untuk membantu menghafal.
  3. Gunakan dalam Kalimat: Praktikkan menggunakan kata-kata ini dalam kalimat untuk menguatkan pemahaman.

5. Kesimpulan dan Rangkuman:

  • Irregular Noun Plurals tidak mengikuti aturan umum penambahan -s atau -es untuk menjadi bentuk jamak.
  • Berbagai kata benda memiliki cara yang berbeda dalam pembentukan bentuk jamak, dan ini perlu dihafal karena tidak ada aturan tunggal yang mengatur semua kata benda tidak beraturan.
  • Memahami dan menguasai penggunaan irregular noun plurals akan membantu siswa dalam berbicara dan menulis dalam bahasa Inggris dengan lebih akurat.

Tugas:

  • Buat daftar 10 kata benda tidak beraturan lainnya dan tuliskan bentuk jamak beserta kalimatnya.

Diskusi Kelas:

  • Mengapa penting untuk mengetahui bentuk jamak dari irregular nouns?
  • Apa yang membuat beberapa kata benda memiliki bentuk jamak yang tidak beraturan?

Materi ini dirancang untuk membantu siswa mengenali dan menggunakan irregular noun plurals dengan benar dalam konteks sehari-hari. Latihan dan diskusi kelas akan membantu memperkuat pemahaman dan penggunaan yang tepat.

 

Materi Ajar: Penggunaan "Like" dan "Doesn't Like," "Like" dan "Don't Like"

Tujuan Pembelajaran:

  1. Siswa memahami penggunaan "like" dan "doesn't like," "like" dan "don't like" dalam kalimat positif dan negatif.
  2. Siswa mampu membedakan penggunaan "doesn't like" dan "don't like" sesuai dengan subjek dalam kalimat.
  3. Siswa dapat membuat kalimat positif dan negatif menggunakan "like" dan "doesn't like/don't like."

1. Penggunaan "Like"

"Like" digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kesukaan terhadap sesuatu. "Like" digunakan dengan semua subjek dalam kalimat positif.

Contoh:

  • I like pizza.
  • She likes ice cream.
  • They like playing soccer.

Catatan:

  • Untuk subjek he, she, dan it, tambahkan -s pada "like" menjadi "likes."

2. Penggunaan "Doesn't Like" dan "Don't Like"

Ketika ingin mengekspresikan ketidaksukaan (negatif), gunakan "doesn't like" atau "don't like" sesuai dengan subjeknya.

  • "Doesn't Like" digunakan dengan subjek tunggal pihak ketiga (he, she, it).
  • "Don't Like" digunakan dengan subjek lainnya (I, you, we, they).

Tabel Penggunaan "Like," "Doesn't Like," "Don't Like":

SubjekPositifNegatif
II like apples.I don't like apples.
YouYou like apples.You don't like apples.
HeHe likes apples.He doesn't like apples.
SheShe likes apples.She doesn't like apples.
ItIt likes apples.It doesn't like apples.
WeWe like apples.We don't like apples.
TheyThey like apples.They don't like apples.

Contoh Kalimat:

  • Positif: She likes swimming. (Dia suka berenang.)
  • Negatif: She doesn't like swimming. (Dia tidak suka berenang.)
  • Positif: They like movies. (Mereka suka film.)
  • Negatif: They don't like horror movies. (Mereka tidak suka film horor.)

3. Latihan:

A. Lengkapi Kalimat:

  1. (I) ______ like chocolate.
  2. (She) ______ doesn't like vegetables.
  3. (They) ______ like to read books.
  4. (He) ______ doesn't like cats.
  5. (We) ______ don't like rain.

B. Buat Kalimat:

  1. I / like / soccer
  2. She / doesn't like / dancing
  3. They / like / pizza
  4. He / doesn't like / studying
  5. We / like / traveling

Contoh Jawaban:

  1. I like soccer.
  2. She doesn't like dancing.
  3. They like pizza.
  4. He doesn't like studying.
  5. We like traveling.

4. Diskusi Kelas:

  • Mengapa penting untuk mengetahui kapan menggunakan "doesn't like" dan "don't like"?
  • Bagaimana cara kita mengungkapkan kesukaan dan ketidaksukaan dalam berbagai situasi sehari-hari?

5. Kesimpulan dan Rangkuman:

  • "Like" digunakan untuk menyatakan kesukaan dan bisa digunakan dengan semua subjek dalam kalimat positif.
  • "Doesn't like" digunakan untuk menyatakan ketidaksukaan dengan subjek he, she, it dalam kalimat negatif.
  • "Don't like" digunakan untuk menyatakan ketidaksukaan dengan subjek I, you, we, they dalam kalimat negatif.

Tugas:

  • Buat 5 kalimat positif dan 5 kalimat negatif menggunakan "like," "doesn't like," dan "don't like" dengan subjek yang berbeda.

Materi ini bertujuan membantu siswa memahami penggunaan "like," "doesn't like," dan "don't like" dalam komunikasi sehari-hari. Latihan dan diskusi akan memperkuat pemahaman siswa tentang bagaimana mengekspresikan kesukaan dan ketidaksukaan secara efektif.


LESSON 4 CAN THEY WORK TOGETHER, MIKE?

Teaching Materials: Prepositions of Time

1. Prepositions of Time

Prepositions of time are used to indicate when something happens. Common prepositions of time include:

  • At: specific times (e.g., at 5 PM)
  • On: specific days and dates (e.g., on Monday, on July 4th)
  • In: longer periods (e.g., in the morning, in 2024)

2. Positive Sentences

In positive sentences, prepositions of time are used to indicate when an action occurs.

Structure:

Subject + verb + preposition of time + object

Examples:

  • She will arrive at 6 PM.
  • They are meeting on Monday.
  • I will visit them in August.

3. Negative Sentences

To form negative sentences, add "not" after the verb.

Structure:

Subject + will/would + not + verb + preposition of time + object

Examples:

  • She will not arrive at 6 PM.
  • They are not meeting on Monday.
  • I will not visit them in August.

4. Questions

To form questions, invert the subject and auxiliary verb (if present) or place the preposition of time at the end of the question.

Structure:

Will/Would + subject + verb + preposition of time + object?

Examples:

  • Will she arrive at 6 PM?
  • Are they meeting on Monday?
  • Will I visit them in August?

Table Summary

Sentence TypeStructureExample
PositiveSubject + verb + preposition of time + objectShe will arrive at 6 PM.
NegativeSubject + will/would + not + verb + preposition of time + objectShe will not arrive at 6 PM.
QuestionWill/Would + subject + verb + preposition of time + object?Will she arrive at 6 PM?

Practice Exercises

  1. Positive Sentences: Complete the sentences using the appropriate preposition of time.

    • (They / leave / at 10 AM)
    • (We / have a meeting / on Friday)
    • (She / travel / in September)
  2. Negative Sentences: Rewrite the sentences in the negative form.

    • (He will visit us at noon.) → He will not visit us at noon.
    • (They are coming on Tuesday.) → They are not coming on Tuesday.
    • (I will see her in the evening.) → I will not see her in the evening.
  3. Questions: Form questions using the given information and prepositions of time.

    • (You / arrive / at 7 PM?) → Will you arrive at 7 PM?
    • (They / start / on Monday?) → Are they starting on Monday?
    • (She / leave / in the summer?) → Will she leave in the summer?



LESSON 3 I DON’T LIKE TO PLAY GOLF.

Teaching Materials: Using "Like to" and "Can"

1. Using "Like to"

"Like to" is used to express preferences or habits.

Structure for Positive Sentences:

Subject + like(s) to + verb + object

Examples:

  • I like to read books.
  • She likes to play tennis.
  • They like to cook dinner.

Structure for Negative Sentences:

Subject + do/does + not + like to + verb + object

Examples:

  • I do not like to read books.
  • She does not like to play tennis.
  • They do not like to cook dinner.

Structure for Questions:

Do/Does + subject + like to + verb + object?

Examples:

  • Do I like to read books?
  • Does she like to play tennis?
  • Do they like to cook dinner?

2. Using "Can"

"Can" is used to express ability or permission.

Structure for Positive Sentences:

Subject + can + verb + object

Examples:

  • I can swim fast.
  • He can speak French.
  • They can solve the problem.

Structure for Negative Sentences:

Subject + cannot/can't + verb + object

Examples:

  • I cannot swim fast.
  • He cannot speak French.
  • They cannot solve the problem.

Structure for Questions:

Can + subject + verb + object?

Examples:

  • Can I swim fast?
  • Can he speak French?
  • Can they solve the problem?

Table Summary

Sentence Type

"Like to" Structure

Example

"Can" Structure

Example

Positive

Subject + like(s) to + verb + object

She likes to dance.

Subject + can + verb + object

He can drive a car.

Negative

Subject + do/does + not + like to + verb + object

She does not like to dance.

Subject + cannot/can't + verb + object

He cannot drive a car.

Question

Do/Does + subject + like to + verb + object?

Does she like to dance?

Can + subject + verb + object?

Can he drive a car?

Practice Exercises

  1. Positive Sentences: Complete the sentences using "like to" or "can."
    • (They / like to / go hiking)
    • (I / can / speak Spanish)
    • (She / like to / bake cakes)
  2. Negative Sentences: Rewrite the sentences in the negative form using "like to" or "can."
    • (I like to play soccer.) → I do not like to play soccer.
    • (They can solve the problem.) → They cannot solve the problem.
    • (He likes to travel.) → He does not like to travel.
  3. Questions: Form questions using "like to" or "can."
    • (You / like to / read books?) → Do you like to read books?
    • (She / can / swim?) → Can she swim?
    • (They / like to / watch movies?) → Do they like to watch movies?

 


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